G
g.c.d. (greatest common divisor), 324 g.c.d. and l.c.m., relation between, 324 Gab or transformation, 743 Galerkin method. 909 Galois field, 314 gamma function, 459, 461 Gauss algorithm, 276, 891 coordinates, 244 curvature, surface, 249 elimination method, 276, 890 error curve, 759 error function, 759 error integral, 461 error propagation law, 795 integral theorem, 665 least squares method, 403, 894, 919 plane, 34 step, 276 transformation, 277, 783, 894 Gauss-Kruger coordinates, 161 Gauss-Newton method, 897 derivative free, 898 Gauss-Seidel method, 895 generating line, 154 generator, 154 ruled surface, 222 geodesic line, 250 geodesy angle, 145 coordinates, 143 polar coordinates, 143 geometric sequence, 19 geometry, 128 analytical, 180 plane, 189 space, 207 differential, 225 plane, 128 Girard theorem, 164 golden section, 2, 4, 193, 845 gon, 145 gradient definition, 651 different coordinates, 651 remark, 650 scalar field, 650, 651 vector components, 659 vector gradient, 652, 657 Graeffe method, 889 graph alternating way, 356 arc, 348 bipartite, 349 complete, 349 complete bipartite, 349 components, 351 connected, 351, 357 cycle, 357 directed, 348 directed circuit, 357 directed edge, 348 edge, 348 Euler, 352 flow, 358 increasing way, 356 infinite, 349 isomorphism, 349 loop, 348 mixed, 348 non-planar, 357 partial, 349 planar, 357 plane, 349 regular, 349 simple, 348 special classes, 349 strongly connected, 357 subdivision, 357 subgraph, 349 transport network, 349 tree, 349 undirected, 348 vertex, 348 weighted, 350 graph paper double logarithmic, 115 log-log paper, 115 notion, 115 reciprocal scale, 116 semilogarithmic, 115 graph theory, algorithm, 348 gravitational field, point mass, 669 great circle, 158, 173 greatest common divisor (g.c.d.) integer numbers, 323 linear combination, 324 polynomials, 14 Green function, 532 integral theorem, 666 method, 531, 532 group, 299 Abelian, 299 dihedral, 299 element, 299 character, 304 inverse, 299 factor group, 302 permutation, 301 point group, 308 representation, 303 irreducible, 305 reducible, 305 subgroup,300 symmetry group, 308 group table, 300 Cayley table, 300 grouping, 11 groups applications, 307 direct product, 301 homomorphism, 302 homomorphism theorem, 302 isomorphism, 302 growth factor, 22 Guldin's first rule, 453 Guldin's second rule, 453